Description

In this article, the reader will learn about the proper armamentaria and fundamental clinical protocols critical to successfully instrument calcified canals. This article is peer reviewed and available for 2 hours of CE credit.

Learning Objectives: After reading this article, the individual will (1) be able to identify why illumination and magnification are both critical to successfully treating calcified canals, (2) know the recommended files for treating calcified canals and for what purpose(s) each type of file is used, and (3) understand why instrumentation should never be done in dry canals.